InhaltsangabeIntroduction. The process of crystallization and chemical segregation. The formation of a crystal from a liquid. As-cast grain shape and size. Gross chemical segregation in ingots. Dendritic segregation [Coring]. The dendritic structure and chemical segregation of cast steel ingots. Dendritic structure in steel ingots. Gross chemical segregation in steel ingots. Dendritic segregation. Calculation of austenitizing temperature and time for chemical homogenization. Removing gross segregation. Removing dendritic segregation. Effect of homogenization on removing dendritic segregation. Banding in steels. Review of the grain growth process. The role of impurities in affecting grain growth. The effect of solutes. The effect of insoluble particles. Particle coarsening. Grain growth in austenite. Grain growth in pure iron. Grain growth in steels. Austenitization of steels. The formation of austentite in pure iron. The formation of austenite in steels. The formation of austenite from pearlite. The growth rate of austenite forming in pearlite. The nucleation of austenite in pearlite. The initial austenite grain size. The homogenization of austenite. The formation of austenite from structures of primary ferrite and pearlite and of primary iron carbide and pearlite. The formation of austenite from a structure of spheroidized carbides in ferrite. The formation of austenite from martensite. Examination of some models for carbide dissolution in austenite. Summarizing comments. Heating to the austenite region. Heat transfer relations. Some heating rate data. Closing comments. Austenitizing treatments to remove chemical segregation, either gross or dendritic, developed during solidification. Austenitizing as the first step in heat treatment. A comment on references. Index.

Introduction. The process of crystallization and chemical segregation. The formation of a crystal from a liquid. As-cast grain shape and size. Gross chemical segregation in ingots. Dendritic segregation [Coring]. The dendritic structure and chemical segregation of cast steel ingots. Dendritic structure in steel ingots. Gross chemical segregation in steel ingots. Dendritic segregation. Calculation of austenitizing temperature and time for chemical homogenization. Removing gross segregation. Removing dendritic segregation. Effect of homogenization on removing dendritic segregation. Banding in steels. Review of the grain growth process. The role of impurities in affecting grain growth. The effect of solutes. The effect of insoluble particles. Particle coarsening. Grain growth in austenite. Grain growth in pure iron. Grain growth in steels. Austenitization of steels. The formation of austentite in pure iron. The formation of austenite in steels. The formation of austenite from pearlite. The growth rate of austenite forming in pearlite. The nucleation of austenite in pearlite. The initial austenite grain size. The homogenization of austenite. The formation of austenite from structures of primary ferrite and pearlite and of primary iron carbide and pearlite. The formation of austenite from a structure of spheroidized carbides in ferrite. The formation of austenite from martensite. Examination of some models for carbide dissolution in austenite. Summarizing comments. Heating to the austenite region. Heat transfer relations. Some heating rate data. Closing comments. Austenitizing treatments to remove chemical segregation, either gross or dendritic, developed during solidification. Austenitizing as the first step in heat treatment. A comment on references. Index.